{"id":3315,"date":"2015-09-26T13:09:20","date_gmt":"2015-09-26T10:09:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/?p=3315"},"modified":"2016-08-15T21:55:48","modified_gmt":"2016-08-15T18:55:48","slug":"homoseksuaalsus-ei-ole-vastand-heteroseksuaalsusele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/2015\/09\/26\/homoseksuaalsus-ei-ole-vastand-heteroseksuaalsusele\/","title":{"rendered":"8. Homoseksuaalsus ei ole vastand heteroseksuaalsusele"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Homoseksuaalsust on varem looduses peetud v\u00e4ga haruldaseks. See arvamus on ilmselt seotud sellega, et ajalooliselt on seksuaalne l\u00e4vimine samasoolise partneriga sotsiaalselt ja religioosselt taunitud. Homoseksuaalne k\u00e4itumine on looduses siiski \u00fcsna levinud. Seda esineb 93 erineval linnuliigil. Erinevate uuringute andmetel: 14% emaseid kiltkajakaid loovad omavahel pesasid ja Oahu saare albatrosside seas on see suhe 31%. Isaste paare on 5-6% austraalia mustadest luikedest,\u00a015% hallhanedest moodustavad isane-isane paare l\u00e4bi kogu elu ja 37% on biseksuaalsed. Lammaste seas on 8% rangelt homoseksuaalsed isased. Inimpopulatsioonis on homoseksuaalsus k\u00f5ige paremini uuritud Austraalias &#8211; homoseksuaalseid on ligikaudu 8% nii meeste kui naiste seas.<\/p>\n<p>Homoseksuaalsus ei ole vastand heteroseksuaalsusele. Need on \u00fche pideva skaala otsad: n\u00f5rk kuni ekslusiivne t\u00f5mme samasoolise partneri poole. Alates 1959. aastast on mitmed uuringud j\u00e4rjekindlalt ja \u00fchem\u00f5tteliselt n\u00e4idanud, et anatoomilised erinevused imetajate genitaalides ja ajus on tugevalt m\u00f5jutatud androgeenide hulga poolt loote arengu ajal. Androgeenid on\u00a0steroidhormoonide perekond, mis m\u00f5jutab maskuliinsete tunnuste kujunemist selgroogsetel organismidel, tuntuim neist on testosteroon. Nendel uuringutel p\u00f5hineb nn <em>Josti paradigma<\/em>: anatoomiline, ajufunktsionaalne ja k\u00e4itumuslik sugu raseduse, s\u00fcnni ja varase lapsep\u00f5lve ajal, kujuneb androgeenide k\u00f5rge ja madala taseme pikajalise m\u00f5ju tagaj\u00e4rjel. Sellest m\u00f5just j\u00e4\u00e4b j\u00e4rgi rakum\u00e4lu, mis kontrollib ka androgeenide taseme t\u00f5usul teismeas kujunevaid soolisi tunnuseid ja seksuaalset k\u00e4itumist.<\/p>\n<p>Viimastel aastatel on kogunenud teavet, mis n\u00f5uab eeltoodud klassikalise vaate t\u00e4iustamist. Uurimuse kohaselt v\u00f5ib homoseksuaalsus kujuneda vanematelt p\u00e4ritud seksuaalset orientatsiooni m\u00e4\u00e4ravatest DNA m\u00e4rgistest. Tavaliselt need m\u00e4rgised loote rakkudes kustutatakse.\u00a0 Kui kustutamine eba\u00f5nnestub, siis need p\u00e4randuvad isalt t\u00fctrele v\u00f5i emalt pojale. Nii v\u00f5ib kujuneda v\u00e4lja homoseksuaalsus.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Allikad<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.1086\/668167\">Homosexuality as a Consequence of Epigenetically Canalized Sexual Development<\/a><br \/>\nWilliam R. Rice, Urban Friberg and Sergey Gavrilets <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/action\/showPublication?journalCode=quarrevibiol\">The Quarterly Review of Biology <\/a><br \/>\n87, No. 4 (December 2012) , pp. 343-368 Published by: The University of Chicago Press<\/li>\n<li>Rice, W. R., Friberg, U. and Gavrilets, S. (2013), Homosexuality via canalized sexual development: A testing protocol for a new epigenetic model. Bioessays, 35:\u00a0764\u2013770. doi:\u00a010.1002\/bies.201300033<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/2016\/02\/04\/sootundlik-pedagoogika\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3485\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3485 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/j\u00e4rgmine-teema-300x75.jpg\" alt=\"j\u00e4rgmine teema\" width=\"300\" height=\"75\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/j\u00e4rgmine-teema-300x75.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/j\u00e4rgmine-teema.jpg 490w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Homoseksuaalsust on varem looduses peetud v\u00e4ga haruldaseks. See arvamus on ilmselt seotud sellega, et ajalooliselt on seksuaalne l\u00e4vimine samasoolise partneriga sotsiaalselt ja religioosselt taunitud. Homoseksuaalne k\u00e4itumine on looduses siiski \u00fcsna levinud. Seda esineb 93 erineval linnuliigil. Erinevate uuringute andmetel: 14% emaseid kiltkajakaid loovad omavahel pesasid ja Oahu saare albatrosside seas on see suhe 31%. Isaste&#8230; <\/p>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/2015\/09\/26\/homoseksuaalsus-ei-ole-vastand-heteroseksuaalsusele\/\" class=\"excerpt-read-more\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3316,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3315","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3315"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3315\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3533,"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3315\/revisions\/3533"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3315"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ami.ee\/sootundlik-kool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}